Method of making sausage casings



Jan. s ,1926.` 1,568,734 y A. C. HELLERMAN vMETHOD OF MAKING SAUSAGE CASINGS Filed June 25 1925 /NS/OE' OUT J6 y .5 Q4 J6 -fO @la 43j, -f

i Patented Jan. 5, 1926.

UNITED STATES 1,568,734- PATENT fori-ica Anonrn C. HELLERMAN, 6F CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO WOLF, SAYIER4 & HELLER, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION OF DELAWARE.

METHOD or MAKING satisfies. casinos.

Application filed June 25, 1925. Serial No. 39,523.

To all whom t may concern: l

Be it known that ADoLrH C. HELLERMAN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, in the countyV of Cook and State of Illinois,

useful Improvements in aMethod of Making Sausage Casings, of which the follow- Y ing is a specification.

My invention relates to the production of sausage casings of large size, composed of two or more sections of animal intestines.4

It is Well known. that thesupply of large size casings is insufficient and that there is an excess of smallsize casings. ln order to compensate for the inequality'in numbers,

' various processes "have been devised for increasing the available quantity of the large size casings, the result being accomplished usually by sewing togethei` two or more small size intestines. A ,method is disclosed in the patent to May, No, 1,063,713, in'which two small size casings |are placed'v in telescoped relation and then' expanded by the use of air pressure or otherwise until the contacting surfaces of the telescoped casings adhere. Thereafter the adhering `easings are slitted and the two marginalvedges of the so-formed strips are'stitched. This results in a casing slightly less than twice the vdiameter of the small intestines used.

My invention contemplates the utilization `of an expanding mandril so arranged that two'or more telescoped intestines are placed thereover and the mandril expanded, the cross sectional diameter-of the mandril in its expanded condition being substanytially uniform from end to end thereof. As

art.

' Y a result, the casings produced are -of uniform size from end toend, instead of tapered, andare straight throughout their length. These aren important advantages and constitute a substantial advance. in the ig. 3 is a `view `of the casing-s after lhaving,

been assembled.`

Fig. l 4 lis a. longitudinal sectional view through the mandril and assembled intestines.

has invented certain new andv Fig. 5 is an enlarged sectional view on the line 5-5 of Fig. i

'Y Fig. 6 is a View of the assembled intestines aftde-r slitting and removal from the mandr'il, an a Fig, 7 is an end'view of ai completed casing constructed in accordance with my invention. i

In carrying out of the process, I .takea small intestine, 10, and a similar intestine 1l, the latter being turned inside out, and place them in te-les'coping relation as shown in Fig: 3. It will be understood that the outside surfaces of t-he intestines contain considerable fatty matter adhering thereto, and that the inside surfaces are smooth and contain a very thin layer of mucus or sli-me. For sanitary reasons, the original interior of the ,intestines should be located on the outside rov At this point, a mandril composed of two l semi-circular sections, 12, 13, `is placed within the telescoped intestines and a wedge element, 14, inserted between the semi-circular sect-ions.V This is forced inwardly from the smallerendof the assembled intestines unsubstantially uniform from4 end to end of the assembled intestines. At this point, the assembled intestines are placed in a drying room .for a few hours until the contacting slimy surfaces adhere andthe intestines material has taken ak permanent set. Thereafter the intestines are slitted from end to end and removed from the -mandril as shown in Fig.'6.. Each of the two marginal edges are then stitched at a point close to the edges. The artsare then in the form of a flat, dou le-thickness. strip of uniform width. By the use of water for softening, the adhering surfaces are sepa til a point is reached where the diameter is A rated and the casing turned inside out. ln

this condition, the original outsides of Athe intestines are on the inside and the seam formed b the stitching is likewise on theinside, w ereas the original insides of the intestines are on the outside. Furthermore,

Cil

the casing is straight and of uniform diameter from end to end. This process presents several advantages over processes in which air under pressure is used, one of which advantages is that intestines may be used that have a tear or opening therein such as would allow the escape of air, but which would not render the casing unfit for use. The openings in such easings are commonly repaired by placing over the opening on the inside small sections of intestine material that will adhere to the adiacent surfaces. y

In order to insure straight-line travel of the wedge element between the tapered, semi-circular mandril sections, I provide a longitudinal groove on the fiat face of each of the sect-ions, 13, 14. T he wedge has on its opposite faces ribs, 15` 16 for cooperation with the grooves. By this simple means I avoid the danger of lateral deflection of the wedge and consequent damage to the easing thereon.

The described process may be'carried out very economically and with a small investment` the mandrils being simply manufactured from half-round sections of wood, tapered from end to end. Ot course. a more elaboratemandril may be used consisting of metallic sections hinged together and provided with means for expansion under screw pressiue,` but I have found such elaboration unessentialand too expensive in first cost. Changes may be made in some ofthe steps of the process, and I do not wish to be limited except as indicated in the appended claims.

I claim:

1. rIhe method of forming large size, straight sausage casings of uniform diameter from end to end thereof, which consists in telescoping two small, tapered intestines, then inserting a mandril therein, then expanding the mandril from the small end ot the intestines until the small. ends are approximately the same diameter as the large ends, then drying the assembled intestines until the contacting surfaces adhere, then slitting the adhering intestines, then sewingr along both edges, and then turning the soformed tube inside out.

2. The method of producing large size sausage c: sings that al'e of uniform diameter and straight, which consists in utilizing two small, tapered intestines` turning one of .aid intestines inside out and placing it on a mandi-il, then placing the other of said intestines on said mandril over the first mentioned intestine without tiuning it, then expanding said mandril from the small ends of the superposed intestines until the intestines are of substantially uniform diameter from end to end thereof` then drying until the intestines adhere and take a permanent set, then sliting and removing the intestines from the mandril. then sewing along the two marginsand then turning the so-formed tube inside out whereby the original outsides of the intestines are on the inside of the finished casing.

In testimony whereof I have aiiixed my signature.

ADOLPH C. HELLERMAN 

